What is Nylon Fabric? Definition, Properties, Types…

Nylon fabric, a kind of synthetic fiber, is called “锦纶” in China, also known as polyamide fiber. It is the first kind of synthetic fiber in the world and finds a wide application in various industries due to its superior performance and abundant material resources.

Properties

In terms of strength and wear resistance, nylon is the best among all fabric fibers. Additionally, nylon is characterized by incredible durability because of its abrasion resistance which is 10 times of cotton fibers and dry viscose fibers, and 140 times of wet fibers. Nylon fabric also has good elasticity and elastic recovery. However, it will become wrinkled with deformation easily when subject to a small external force.

And due to poor air permeability and ventilation, the nylon fabric is more prone to static electricity. Besides, you will feel more comfortable when wearing nylon clothes than polyester clothes because nylon materials absorb moisture at a higher speed than other synthetic fabrics. Nylon fabric also has excellent resistance to moth and corrosion.

However, the nylon fabric cannot withstand heat or light very well. As a result, the ironing temperature should be kept below 140℃. And for the protection of fabric when wearing and using nylon, you must be cautious about the washing and maintenance conditions. Nylon fabric is the third-best light-type fabric among all synthetic fiber fabrics, only ranking behind polypropylene and acrylic fabric. Nylon fabric is lightweight which is the reason why it can be used in the manufacture of mountaineering suits, winter clothes, and so on.

The most common product in the market of nylon: Nylon 6 fabric and nylon 66 fabric

Both nylon 6 and nylon 66 filaments have good low-temperature resistance. For example, there is little change in their resilience even though they are exposed to an environment below -70℃. Moreover, they are prone to be charged with static electricity due to friction during processing with low DC conductivity which increases with growing moisture absorption and humidity following the exponential function law. Not compared with polyvinyl chloride fiber, nylon 6 and 66 filaments are the best ones to withstand microbiological effects among other synthetic fibers. Chemically speaking, nylon 6 and 66 filaments are more resistant to the effects of alkaline and reducing agents, but less to that of acid and oxidizing agents.

The types of nylon fabrics

Nylon fabrics can be classified into three categories: pure raw fabric, blend fabric, and mixed fabric, each of which contains multiple varieties.

There are various fabrics woven from nylon yarn, such as nylon taffeta, nylon crepe, and so on. Moreover, they feel soft as woven with nylon filaments and are considerably durable at a moderate price. However, there are also some disadvantages. It is easy to make wrinkles in nylon fabrics and difficult to reinstate to the original form.

The classification of Taslan

Taslan is a kind of nylon fabric, including jacquard Taslan, honeycomb Taslan, full dull Nylon Taslan, and so on. It is mainly used to manufacture garments, ready-to-wear garments, golf garments, classy down jackets, breathable fabrics with high waterproof, multi-layer composite fabrics, functional fabrics, and so on.

①Jacquard Taslan: warp yarn is made of 76dtex(70D nylon filament) whereas weft yarn is made of 167dtex(150D nylon air deformation yarn). Fabric textures interweave with each other by applying a two-fold flat jacquard structure on the water jet loom. The gray cloth fabric is 165cm in width with a weight of 158g per square meter. Besides, there are also numerous varieties with varying shades of color, such as carnation red, grass green, and light green. The fabric processes many advantages, such as strong color fastness and resistance to fading and wrinkling.

② Honeycomb Taslan: Fabric warp yarn consists of 76dtex nylon FDY. The weft yarn is made of 167dtex nylon air deformation silk, warp and weft density is 430 / 10cm x 200 / 10cm. It is interwoven on a water jet loom with a faucet and chooses the double-layer plain organization forming a kind of honeycomb lattice on the surface of the fabric. At first, the blank is loosened and refined and experiences alkali reduction and dyeing. Then it will undergo soft and shaping treatment. The fabric is characterized by good breathability, dry hand feeling, soft and airy with great comfort to wear.

③Full dull Nylon Taslan: the fabric warp yarn is made of 76dtex full dull nylon-6FDY and the weft yarn is 167dtex full dull nylon air deformation silk. It enjoys wide popularity for its relatively great comfort, warmth, and good breathability. Nylon spinning fabric(silk, also known as nylon spinning, a kind of spinning type silk fabric woven with nylon filament) will be not only flat dense, and smooth on the surface of the silk, but also soft, light, and firm wear-resistant with bright color after the process of bleaching, dyeing, printing, calendering, rolling grain treatment. Besides, it is easy for us to wash and dry the fabric.

Woven with twill selvage, the twill fabric will become a kind of fabric with a clear diagonal pattern on the surface such as brocade or cotton khaki, gabardine tweed, crocodile, and so on. Among them, nylon/cotton khaki is thick and tight, wear-resistant and tough and strong with clear grain, and so on.

Warp and weft yarns are made of coarse denier (woven with 167-1100dtex nylon filament yarn) with a plain weave structure which is used to produce the nylon oxford fabric. The product is woven by a water jet loom. After the process of dyeing and coating, there will be more advantages to the gray cloth, such as a feeling of softness by hands, strong drape, novel style and waterproof, and so on. The cloth is characterized by the effect of nylon silk luster.

Blended nylon fabrics

Fabrics will be combined with the characteristics of various fibers if they are made in the way that nylon filaments or staple fibers are blended or mixed with other fibers.

There are two kinds of blended fabrics in sticky/gabardine Tweed. One is mixed with 15% nylon and 85% viscose fiber while the other is 25% nylon and 75% viscose fiber. Warp and weft yarns are both made of blended yarns which is a kind of 2/2 twill selvage. The warp density of this fabric is nearly double larger than the weft density, so the texture of the tweed body is thick and tight with good toughness and durability. And additionally, its surface is smooth and lustrous. However, there are also some disadvantages. It is characterized by small wet strength poor elasticity and a relatively large shrinkage rate. Worst, it is easy to make the body of textiles become rigid when they are washed and easy to sag when they are in wearing.

  SmartShrink Shrinkage Rate Tester

Viscose/ nylon valitin, also called nylon plain tweed, is a kind of fabric woven by double-stranded blending. With plain weave, the surfaces of its front and back seem to be the same. There are two ratios of nylon and viscose fiber in viscose/ nylon valitin. That is 15% and 85% and 25% and 75% respectively. Despite its good hand feel, it is not soft enough when touched, and its luster only ranks second to that of gabardine.

Viscose /nylon beep, also called nylon beep, is a kind of 2/2 twill selvage that is similar to gabardine in appearance. Its warp density is 40% smaller than that of gabardine while its weft density is almost the same. Its interweaving points are visible because of a flatter surface compared with gabardine. However, despite the wide grain, you will feel worst when in touch with viscose/nylon beep which is poor in strength and luster.

Viscose/brocade/woolly tweed is a kind of worsted tweed, most of which are plain fancy suiting, known as three-in-one wool fancy suiting. It is blended in the ratio of 4:4:2. And there is a flower pattern on the surface of the tweed due to the reflection of light and the use of different twisting yarns for warp and weft yarns.

The warp yarn is made of covered yarns of polyvinyl chloride fiber and nylon and is woven on an air-jet loom to produce nylon/viscose/spandex grosgrain. The gray cloth will undergo the following process: relaxation, desizing, alkali treatment, dyeing (with reactive dyes and dispersed dyes), shaping finishing, and so forth. This product is not only featured for viscose fiber fabric style but also nylon fabric luster effect with high elasticity of polyvinyl chloride fiber. Importantly, the fabric is cotton-like with good comfort and a sense of stretch.

The post What is Nylon Fabric? Definition, Properties, Types… appeared first on Testex.